Compare Burundi (2003) - Micronesia, Federated States of (2003)

Compare Burundi (2003) z Micronesia, Federated States of (2003)

	Burundi (2003)	Micronesia, Federated States of (2003)

Administrative divisions	16 provinces; Bubanza, Bujumbura, Bururi, Cankuzo, Cibitoke, Gitega, Karuzi, Kayanza, Kirundo, Makamba, Muramvya, Muyinga, Mwaro, Ngozi, Rutana, Ruyigi	4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae (Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap
Age structure	0-14 years: 46.7% (male 1,438,759; female 1,409,567) 15-64 years: 50.6% (male 1,516,833; female 1,564,513) 65 years and over: 2.7% (male 66,355; female 100,129) (2003 est.)	0-14 years: 38.4% (male 21,163; female 20,335) 15-64 years: 58.5% (male 31,746; female 31,477) 65 years and over: 3.2% (male 1,558; female 1,864) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	coffee, cotton, tea, corn, sorghum, sweet potatoes, bananas, manioc (tapioca); beef, milk, hides	black pepper, tropical fruits and vegetables, coconuts, cassava (tapioca), betel nuts, sweet potatoes; pigs, chickens
Airports	7 (2002)	7 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2002)	total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 6 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2002)	total: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Area	total: 27,830 sq km land: 25,650 sq km water: 2,180 sq km	total: 702 sq km land: 702 sq km water: 0 sq km (fresh water only) note: includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Chuuk (Truk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae (Kosaie)
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Maryland	four times the size of Washington, DC (land area only)
Background	Burundi's first democratically elected president was assassinated in October 1993 after only four months in office. Since then, some 200,000 Burundians have perished in widespread, often intense ethnic violence between Hutu and Tutsi factions. Hundreds of thousands have been internally displaced or have become refugees in neighboring countries. Burundi troops, seeking to secure their borders, intervened in the conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1998. More recently, many of these troops have been redeployed back to Burundi to deal with periodic upsurges in rebel activity. A new transitional government, inaugurated on 1 November 2001, was to be the first step toward holding national elections in three years. While the Government of Burundi signed a cease-fire agreement in December 2002 with three of Burundi's four Hutu rebel groups, implementation of the agreement has been problematic and one rebel group refuses to sign on, clouding prospects for a sustainable peace.	In 1979 the Federated States of Micronesia, a UN Trust Territory under US administration, adopted a constitution. In 1986 independence was attained under a Compact of Free Association with the US. Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, and overdependence on US aid.
Birth rate	39.72 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)	26.47 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	revenues: $125 million expenditures: $176 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)	revenues: $161 million ($69 million less grants) expenditures: $160 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.)
Capital	Bujumbura	Palikir
Climate	equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees centigrade but is generally moderate as the average altitude is about 1,700 m; average annual rainfall is about 150 cm; wet seasons from February to May and September to November, and dry seasons from June to August and December to January	tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage
Coastline	0 km (landlocked)	6,112 km
Constitution	13 March 1992; provided for establishment of a plural political system; supplanted on 6 June 1998 by a Transitional Constitution which enlarged the National Assembly and created two vice presidents	10 May 1979
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Burundi conventional short form: Burundi local long form: Republika y'u Burundi local short form: Burundi former: Urundi	conventional long form: Federated States of Micronesia conventional short form: none former: Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands) abbreviation: FSM
Currency	Burundi franc (BIF)	US dollar (USD)
Death rate	17.8 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)	5.1 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	$1.14 billion (2001)	$53.1 million (FY 02/03 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador James Howard YELLIN embassy: Avenue des Etats-Unis, Bujumbura mailing address: B. P. 1720, Bujumbura telephone: [257] 223454 FAX: [257] 222926	chief of mission: Ambassador Larry M. DINGER embassy: address NA, Kolonia mailing address: P. O. Box 1286, Kolonia, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia 96941 telephone: [691] 320-2187 FAX: [691] 320-2186
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Antoine NTAMOBWA chancery: Suite 212, 2233 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007 telephone: [1] (202) 342-2574 FAX: [1] (202) 342-2578	chief of mission: Ambassador Jesse Bibiano MAREHALAU chancery: 1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 223-4383 FAX: [1] (202) 223-4391 consulate(s) general: Honolulu and Tamuning (Guam)
Disputes - international	Tutsi, Hutu, and other conflicting ethnic groups, associated political rebels, armed gangs, and various government forces continue fighting in the Great Lakes region, transcending the boundaries of Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and Uganda to gain control over populated and natural resource areas; government heads pledge to end conflict, but localized violence continues despite UN peacekeeping efforts	none
Economic aid - recipient	$92.7 million (2000)	under terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US pledged $1.3 billion in grant aid during the period 1986-2001
Economy - overview	Burundi is a landlocked, resource-poor country with an underdeveloped manufacturing sector. The economy is predominantly agricultural with roughly 90% of the population dependent on subsistence agriculture. Economic growth depends on coffee and tea exports, which account for 90% of foreign exchange earnings. The ability to pay for imports, therefore, rests primarily on weather conditions and international coffee and tea prices. The Tutsi minority, 14% of the population, dominates the government and the coffee trade at the expense of the Hutu majority, 85% of the population. Since October 1993 an ethnic-based war has resulted in the death of over 200,000 persons, sent 800,000 refugees into Tanzania, and displaced 525,000 others internally. Doubts about the prospects for sustainable peace continue to impede development. Only one in two children go to school, and approximately one in ten adults has HIV/AIDS. Food, medicine, and electricity remain in short supply.	Economic activity consists primarily of subsistence farming and fishing. The islands have few mineral deposits worth exploiting, except for high-grade phosphate. The potential for a tourist industry exists, but the remote location, a lack of adequate facilities, and limited air connections hinder development. In November 2002, the country experienced a further reduction in future revenues from the Compact of Free Association - the agreement with the US in which Micronesia received $1.3 billion in financial and technical assistance over a 15-year period until 2001. The country's medium-term economic outlook appears fragile due not only to the reduction in US assistance but also to the slow growth of the private sector. Geographical isolation and a poorly developed infrastructure remain major impediments to long-term growth.
Electricity - consumption	177.5 million kWh (2001)	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - imports	33 million kWh; note - supplied by the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2001)	-
Electricity - production	155.4 million kWh (2001)	NA kWh
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 0.6% hydro: 99.4% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	fossil fuel: 0% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0%
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Lake Tanganyika 772 m highest point: Mount Heha 2,670 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m
Environment - current issues	soil erosion as a result of overgrazing and the expansion of agriculture into marginal lands; deforestation (little forested land remains because of uncontrolled cutting of trees for fuel); habitat loss threatens wildlife populations	overfishing, climate change, pollution
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Hutu (Bantu) 85%, Tutsi (Hamitic) 14%, Twa (Pygmy) 1%, Europeans 3,000, South Asians 2,000	nine ethnic Micronesian and Polynesian groups
Exchange rates	Burundi francs per US dollar - NA (2002), 830.35 (2001), 720.67 (2000), 563.56 (1999), 447.77 (1998)	the US dollar is used 1
Executive branch	chief of state: President Domitien NDAYIZEYE (since 30 April 2003); note - NDAYIZEYE, a Hutu, was sworn in as president for the second half of the three-year transitional government inaugurated on 1 November 2001; Vice President Alphonse KADEGE (since 30 April 2003); note - from the Tutsi minority head of government: President Domitien NDAYIZEYE (since 30 April 2003); note - NDAYIZEYE, a Hutu, was sworn in as president for the second half of the three-year transitional government inaugurated on 1 November 2001; Vice President Alphonse KADEGE (since 30 April 2003); note - from the Tutsi minority cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by president elections: NA; current president assumed power on 30 April 2003 as part of the transitional government established by the 2000 Arusha Accord	chief of state: President Joseph J. URUSEMAL (since 11 May 2003); Vice President Redley KILLION; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Joseph J. URUSEMAL (since 11 May 2003); Vice President Redley KILLION; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet elections: president and vice president elected by Congress from among the four senators at large for four-year terms; election last held 11 May 2003 (next to be held NA May 2007); note - a proposed constitutional amendment to establish popular elections for president and vice president failed election results: Joseph J. URUSEMAL elected president; percent of Congress vote - NA%; Redley KILLION elected vice president; percent of Congress vote - NA%
Exports	NA (2001)	$22 million (f.o.b.) (FY 99/00 est.)
Exports - commodities	coffee, tea, sugar, cotton, hides	fish, garments, bananas, black pepper
Exports - partners	Switzerland 28.8%, Germany 20.2%, Belgium 9.4%, Kenya 7.8%, Rwanda 6.5%, Netherlands 4.6% (2002)	Japan, US, Guam (2000)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 October - 30 September
Flag description	divided by a white diagonal cross into red panels (top and bottom) and green panels (hoist side and outer side) with a white disk superimposed at the center bearing three red six-pointed stars outlined in green arranged in a triangular design (one star above, two stars below)	light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the stars are arranged in a diamond pattern
GDP	purchasing power parity - $3.146 billion (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $277 million note: $277 million $277 million GDP is supplemented by grant aid, averaging perhaps $100 million annually (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 50% industry: 19% services: 31% (2002 est.)	agriculture: 50% industry: 4% services: 46% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $500 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $2,000 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	4.5% (2002 est.)	1% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	3 30 S, 30 00 E	6 55 N, 158 15 E
Geography - note	landlocked; straddles crest of the Nile-Congo watershed; the Kagera, which drains into Lake Victoria, is the most remote headstream of the White Nile	four major island groups totaling 607 islands
Highways	total: 14,480 km paved: 1,028 km unpaved: 13,452 km (1999 est.)	total: 240 km paved: 42 km unpaved: 198 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 1.8% highest 10%: 32.9% (1998)	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	NA (2001)	$149 million f.o.b. (FY 99/00 est.)
Imports - commodities	capital goods, petroleum products, foodstuffs	food, manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, beverages
Imports - partners	Belgium 12.4%, Saudi Arabia 12.3%, Tanzania 9.3%, Kenya 7.7%, France 7.4%, India 4.5% (2002)	US, Australia, Japan (2000)
Independence	1 July 1962 (from UN trusteeship under Belgian administration)	3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate	18% (2001)	NA%
Industries	light consumer goods such as blankets, shoes, soap; assembly of imported components; public works construction; food processing	tourism, construction, fish processing, specialized aquaculture, craft items from shell, wood, and pearls
Infant mortality rate	total: 71.54 deaths/1,000 live births male: 78.45 deaths/1,000 live births female: 64.42 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)	total: 32.39 deaths/1,000 live births male: 35.65 deaths/1,000 live births female: 28.97 deaths/1,000 live births
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	12% (2002 est.)	1% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CEEAC, CEPGL, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (subscriber), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO	ACP, AsDB, ESCAP, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IFRCS (associate), IMF, IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO, WMO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	1 (2000)
Irrigated land	740 sq km (1998 est.)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; Constitutional Court; Courts of Appeal (there are three in separate locations); Tribunals of First Instance (17 at the province level and 123 small local tribunals)	Supreme Court
Labor force	3.7 million (2000)	NA
Labor force - by occupation	NA	two-thirds are government employees
Land boundaries	total: 974 km border countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 233 km, Rwanda 290 km, Tanzania 451 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 29.98% permanent crops: 12.85% other: 57.17% (1998 est.)	arable land: 5.71% permanent crops: 45.71% other: 48.58% (1998 est.)
Languages	Kirundi (official), French (official), Swahili (along Lake Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura area)	English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi
Legal system	based on German and Belgian civil codes and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws
Legislative branch	bicameral, consists of a National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (expanded from 121 to approximately 140 seats under the transitional government inaugurated 1 November 2001; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and a Senate (54 seats; term length is undefined, the current senators will likely serve out the three-year transition period) elections: last held 29 June 1993 (next was scheduled to be held in 1998, but was suspended by presidential decree in 1996; elections are planned to follow the completion of the three-year transitional government) election results: percent of vote by party - FRODEBU 71.04%, UPRONA 21.4%, other 7.56%; seats by party - FRODEBU 65, UPRONA 16, civilians 27, other parties 13	unicameral Congress (14 seats; members elected by popular vote; four - one elected from each state to serve four-year terms; and 10 - elected from single-member districts delineated by population to serve two-year terms) elections: elections for four-year term seats last held 4 March 2003 (next to be held NA March 2007); elections for two-year term seats last held 4 March 2003 (next to be held NA March 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 14
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 43.2 years male: 42.54 years female: 43.88 years (2003 est.)	total population: 69.13 years male: 67.39 years female: 70.95 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 51.6% male: 58.5% female: 45.2% (2003 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 89% male: 91% female: 88% (1980 est.)
Location	Central Africa, east of Democratic Republic of the Congo	Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia
Map references	Africa	Oceania
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	-	none note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: US 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note	-	Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) is a sovereign, self-governing state in free association with the US; FSM is totally dependent on the US for its defense
Military branches	Army (including naval and air units), Gendarmerie	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$42.13 million (FY02)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	5.3% (FY02)	-
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 1,375,900 (2003 est.)	-
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 723,516 (2003 est.)	-
Military manpower - military age	16 years of age (2003 est.)	-
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	males: 79,462 (2003 est.)	-
National holiday	Independence Day, 1 July (1962)	Constitution Day, 10 May (1979)
Nationality	noun: Burundian(s) adjective: Burundian	noun: Micronesian(s) adjective: Micronesian; Chuukese, Kosraen(s), Pohnpeian(s), Yapese
Natural hazards	flooding, landslides, drought	typhoons (June to December)
Natural resources	nickel, uranium, rare earth oxides, peat, cobalt, copper, platinum (not yet exploited), vanadium, arable land, hydropower	forests, marine products, deep-seabed minerals
Net migration rate	-0.12 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)	-20.98 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders	the two national, mainstream, governing parties are: Unity for National Progress or UPRONA [Alphonse KADEGE, president]; Burundi Democratic Front or FRODEBU [Jean MINANI, president] note: a multiparty system was introduced after 1998, included are: Burundi African Alliance for the Salvation or ABASA [Terrence NSANZE]; Rally for Democracy and Economic and Social Development or RADDES [Joseph NZEYIMANA]; Party for National Redress or PARENA [Jean-Baptiste BAGAZA]; People's Reconciliation Party or PRP [Mathias HITIMANA]	no formal parties
Political pressure groups and leaders	loosely organized Hutu and Tutsi militias, often affiliated with Hutu and Tutsi extremist parties or subordinate to government security forces	-
Population	6,096,156 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.)	108,143 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	70% (2002 est.)	26.7%
Population growth rate	2.18% (2003 est.)	0.04% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	Bujumbura	Colonia (Yap), Kolonia (Pohnpei), Lele, Moen
Radio broadcast stations	AM 0, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2001)	AM 5, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways	0 km	0 km
Religions	Christian 67% (Roman Catholic 62%, Protestant 5%), indigenous beliefs 23%, Muslim 10%	Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 47%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.66 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2003 est.)	1.05 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	NA years of age; universal adult	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: primitive system domestic: sparse system of open-wire, radiotelephone communications, and low-capacity microwave radio relay international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)	general assessment: adequate system domestic: islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes) international: satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2002)
Telephones - main lines in use	18,000 (2002)	11,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	30,000 (2002)	newly installed in Pohnpei and Yap
Television broadcast stations	1 (2001)	2 (1997)
Terrain	hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains	islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Chuuk
Total fertility rate	5.99 children born/woman (2003 est.)	3.5 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	NA%	16% (1999 est.)
Waterways	Lake Tanganyika	none

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